Modern Humans
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"Relationship Between Biology and Culture in Humans"
Culture encompasse the social, cognitive, and material constructs that exist to support the survival of our species. Cultural adaptation is not incomparable to biological adaptation. Like evolution, culture is a process. While many cultural structures are not easily malleable, culture is learned adherence to constructs and traditions that support survival and longevity.
Though modern humans’ culture is a product of constructs from the political, social, and economic spheres, the archeological record of early Hominins is limited primarily to material culture. For that reason, there are not extensive details on early Hominin culture prior to the widespread manufacture of tools.
How did cultural development inform biological adaptation, and vice versa? Let’s look at the concurrent adaptation towards bipedalism and flatland living and the development of stone tool industry. Hominins’ bipedalism proved advantageous because it meant they could transport various objects from place to place, allowing Hominins to concentrate initially widespread resources to core areas, leading to centralized and efficient tool production. In this case, the biological adaptation of bipedalism supported the Hominins’ development of tool industry. In turn, the development of tool industry supported Hominins’ ability to defend themselves against predators.
Similar traits between apes and humans:
For the most part, humans and apes have opposable thumbs. Humans and Apes, and humans and
apes are of the same Kingdom/ Phylum. Both are bipeds. For re both bipeds and placentals. Studies show that most apes are able to learn, understand others, and feel emotionally. Studies also show that they show love towards their partners and young. Both studies show human traits. Both have hair, eyes, teeth, nails, and reproductive organs in and on their bodies.
There are also some physical differences included in the brain. The brain of a human is normally two or three times larger than the brain
of the largest ape, which is the gorilla. Man’s body is relatively hairless. Another difference would be the nose. A human nose has a prominent bridge and an elongated tip which is lacking in the apes.
A humans arm are very short in comparison to the arms of monkeys and apes. The arms of apes hang down to the ground and like its legs, are used for transportation. Only man walks upright in an erect posture. Man can walk comfortably and naturally on two feet. Monkeys, apes, bears, chipmunks and most other animals in this Phylum may occasionally walk on two feet, but this is not their normal mode of transportation. They usually move on all fours. Monkeys also have thumbs on their feet as well as on their hands. Human babies are more
dependent on their parents than any of the infants of apes and monkeys. The chromosome count also differs between men and apes. The chromosome number of man is 46. The chimpanzee and the gorilla have a count of 48.
Culture encompasse the social, cognitive, and material constructs that exist to support the survival of our species. Cultural adaptation is not incomparable to biological adaptation. Like evolution, culture is a process. While many cultural structures are not easily malleable, culture is learned adherence to constructs and traditions that support survival and longevity.
Though modern humans’ culture is a product of constructs from the political, social, and economic spheres, the archeological record of early Hominins is limited primarily to material culture. For that reason, there are not extensive details on early Hominin culture prior to the widespread manufacture of tools.
How did cultural development inform biological adaptation, and vice versa? Let’s look at the concurrent adaptation towards bipedalism and flatland living and the development of stone tool industry. Hominins’ bipedalism proved advantageous because it meant they could transport various objects from place to place, allowing Hominins to concentrate initially widespread resources to core areas, leading to centralized and efficient tool production. In this case, the biological adaptation of bipedalism supported the Hominins’ development of tool industry. In turn, the development of tool industry supported Hominins’ ability to defend themselves against predators.
Similar traits between apes and humans:
For the most part, humans and apes have opposable thumbs. Humans and Apes, and humans and
apes are of the same Kingdom/ Phylum. Both are bipeds. For re both bipeds and placentals. Studies show that most apes are able to learn, understand others, and feel emotionally. Studies also show that they show love towards their partners and young. Both studies show human traits. Both have hair, eyes, teeth, nails, and reproductive organs in and on their bodies.
There are also some physical differences included in the brain. The brain of a human is normally two or three times larger than the brain
of the largest ape, which is the gorilla. Man’s body is relatively hairless. Another difference would be the nose. A human nose has a prominent bridge and an elongated tip which is lacking in the apes.
A humans arm are very short in comparison to the arms of monkeys and apes. The arms of apes hang down to the ground and like its legs, are used for transportation. Only man walks upright in an erect posture. Man can walk comfortably and naturally on two feet. Monkeys, apes, bears, chipmunks and most other animals in this Phylum may occasionally walk on two feet, but this is not their normal mode of transportation. They usually move on all fours. Monkeys also have thumbs on their feet as well as on their hands. Human babies are more
dependent on their parents than any of the infants of apes and monkeys. The chromosome count also differs between men and apes. The chromosome number of man is 46. The chimpanzee and the gorilla have a count of 48.